TEAS 7 · Free diagnostic

TEAS diagnostic test

Forty questions, weighted like the real exam.

Your score report shows your score for each section, and the study plan turns it into a day-by-day schedule.
With full access, the report also scores every topic and gives each weak topic a lesson and a practice set.
This is a practice check, not your real exam, so a low score here only shows you where to start.
When your test is close, our TEAS test day guide covers what to bring and what happens on the day.

Free practice test

TEAS 7 quick diagnostic

40 questions
Reading · Math · Science · English and Language Usage
49 min in exam mode
Practice mode, no timer

Questions are original practice items written to the published exam content, not real exam questions.

Text 1: From a Personal Fitness Blog
Last spring I bought a step counter and set a goal of 10,000 steps every day. Within two months I had lost 15 pounds, and I had more energy than I'd had in years. My neighbor tried the same plan, and she says she sleeps better than ever. The lesson is obvious: 10,000 steps is the magic number for good health. If you are walking less than that, you are wasting your time. Lace up your shoes, hit your number, and watch your life change.
Text 2: From a Community Health Newsletter
Many people track their daily steps, and a step counter can be a handy way to notice how much you move. The federal activity guideline for adults, however, is not written in steps. The CDC recommends that adults get at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity, such as brisk walking, each week. That could be 30 minutes a day, 5 days a week, and the time can be spread out and broken into smaller chunks, such as several short walks. Adults also need muscle-strengthening activity on at least 2 days a week. For people who are not active now, the CDC's message is encouraging: some physical activity is better than none, so starting small still counts.
With which statement would the authors of both texts most likely agree?
Correct answer: C
To compare two texts, first identify each author's main claim, then look for the idea both of them support, even if they support it for different reasons. Text 1 praises walking as life-changing, and Text 2 names brisk walking as an example of the moderate activity adults need. The two authors disagree about whether a step target or a weekly total of minutes is the right measure, so statements that belong to only one text cannot be shared views.
- A Only Text 1 makes this claim; Text 2 says that some activity is better than none and that starting small still counts, which contradicts it.
- B Only Text 2 takes this position; the author of Text 1 treats a daily step count as the key measure.
- C Correct: Text 1 credits walking with major health changes, and Text 2 lists brisk walking as moderate-intensity activity that counts toward the guideline.
- D Only Text 2 mentions muscle-strengthening activity; Text 1 never discusses it, so there is no evidence its author would agree.
Learn this topic: How to compare the themes and ideas of two texts 5-minute lesson

Source: CDC, Adult Activity: An Overview ·

Staff Shuttle Schedule: Maple Grove Medical Center

A free shuttle carries employees between the main hospital and two outpatient sites. Each column in the table is one trip. Read down a column to follow the shuttle from stop to stop; every time shown is the time the shuttle leaves that stop.

Stop	Trip 1	Trip 2	Trip 3	Trip 4
Main Lobby	6:15 a.m.	7:15 a.m.	11:45 a.m.*	3:30 p.m.
Garage B	6:25 a.m.	7:25 a.m.	11:55 a.m.*	3:40 p.m.
Westside Clinic	6:40 a.m.	7:40 a.m.†	12:10 p.m.*	3:55 p.m.
Rehab Center	6:55 a.m.	7:55 a.m.	12:25 p.m.*	4:10 p.m.

Key:
* Trip 3 runs Monday through Friday only.
† On Saturdays and Sundays, Trip 2 does not stop at Westside Clinic.
Times without a symbol apply every day the shuttle runs.

The shuttle does not run on federal holidays. Riders must show an employee ID badge when boarding, and seats are first come, first served. Questions about the shuttle can be sent to the Transportation Office at extension 4410.

Kofi parks in Garage B and must arrive at Westside Clinic before 8:00 a.m. on a Sunday that is not a holiday. According to the schedule, which trip should he take?

Bring Back the Lunch Break
At 1:30 on a Tuesday, Marisol, a pharmacy technician, finally sat down to eat. She had been on her feet since seven, and her sandwich had been waiting in the break-room refrigerator for six hours. Before she could finish it, the phone rang, and she went back to the counter.
Stories like hers are common in our hospital. In last month's staff survey, 58 percent of pharmacy and nursing employees said they had skipped a meal break at least once in the past week. Many said they felt they could not leave their stations because no one was available to cover for them.
This should not be treated as a personal choice. Skipping breaks is a scheduling problem, and scheduling problems have scheduling solutions. Two departments in our hospital already use a "break buddy" system, in which pairs of coworkers cover for each other during a protected 30-minute meal period. In the same survey, far fewer employees in those departments reported missing a break.
Hospital leaders should adopt the break-buddy system in every department by the end of the year. A rested team is a more focused team, and patients benefit from that. Talk to your manager, sign the petition in the break room, and help make the lunch break a real break again.
What is the author's primary purpose in writing the passage?
Correct answer: C
The primary purpose must fit the whole passage, and the conclusion usually reveals it. Here the author states a position ("should not be treated as a personal choice"), tells hospital leaders what they "should" do, and ends with a call to action. The opening story and the survey numbers are tools that support that argument, so the purpose is to persuade.
- A The story of Marisol is only the opening hook; the passage goes on to argue for a policy change.
- B The survey is real support in the passage, but it is used as evidence for the argument rather than as the main point.
- C Correct: the "should" statements, the deadline, and the closing call to action show the author is arguing for the break-buddy system.
- D The break room is mentioned only in passing; the passage does not build a sensory picture of it.
Learn this topic: How to identify the author's purpose 5-minute lesson

Source: Purdue OWL, Purposes (Rhetorical Situation) · Purdue OWL, Argumentative Essays ·
Bring Back the Lunch Break
At 1:30 on a Tuesday, Marisol, a pharmacy technician, finally sat down to eat. She had been on her feet since seven, and her sandwich had been waiting in the break-room refrigerator for six hours. Before she could finish it, the phone rang, and she went back to the counter.
Stories like hers are common in our hospital. In last month's staff survey, 58 percent of pharmacy and nursing employees said they had skipped a meal break at least once in the past week. Many said they felt they could not leave their stations because no one was available to cover for them.
This should not be treated as a personal choice. Skipping breaks is a scheduling problem, and scheduling problems have scheduling solutions. Two departments in our hospital already use a "break buddy" system, in which pairs of coworkers cover for each other during a protected 30-minute meal period. In the same survey, far fewer employees in those departments reported missing a break.
Hospital leaders should adopt the break-buddy system in every department by the end of the year. A rested team is a more focused team, and patients benefit from that. Talk to your manager, sign the petition in the break room, and help make the lunch break a real break again.
Why does the author most likely begin the passage with the story of Marisol?
Correct answer: B
Writers of persuasive texts often open with a short story, an anecdote, so readers connect with the problem before they meet the claim and the evidence. When a question asks why a part of a passage is included, ask how that part serves the author's overall purpose. Here the story sets up the claim that skipped breaks are a common scheduling problem.
- A The author argues the opposite, that skipping breaks "should not be treated as a personal choice"; Marisol is called back to work by the phone.
- B Correct: the story gives a concrete example, and the next paragraph says "stories like hers are common," linking it directly to the argument.
- C The story never mentions the break-buddy system; the system is explained briefly later, in the third paragraph.
- D The topic does not change; the story introduces the same problem the rest of the passage argues about.
Learn this topic: How to identify the author's purpose 5-minute lesson

Source: Excelsior OWL, Narrative Argument · Purdue OWL, Narrative Essays ·
Requesting Time Off in the Scheduling Portal
All time-off requests for the Outpatient Department must be entered in the scheduling portal at least 14 days before the first day off. Requests sent by email or text message will not be processed.
Before you begin, check the department calendar to see whether the dates you want are marked as limited. No more than two staff members from the same unit may be off on the same day.
To submit a request:
1. Log in to the portal and select My Schedule.
2. Click Request Time Off in the upper-right corner.
3. Choose the type of leave: vacation, personal, or unpaid.
4. Enter the first and last dates you will be absent.
5. Add a short note if your manager needs more information.
6. Click Submit. A confirmation number will appear on the screen.
Your manager will approve or deny the request within three business days, and you will receive an email either way. If your request is denied, you may choose new dates and submit again.
Note: Requests for medical leave follow a separate process. Contact Human Resources at extension 4410 for those forms.
Which features show that the passage is a technical text? Select all that apply.
Select all that apply.
Correct answer: B, C, E
A technical text is written to help the reader complete a task. Its features include numbered steps in order, exact details and requirements, and labels or headings that match what the reader sees. Characters and conflict belong to narrative texts, while emotional language meant to change minds belongs to persuasive texts.
- A Characters and conflict are features of narrative texts; this passage has no story.
- B Correct: the six numbered steps walk the reader through the task in order.
- C Correct: exact numbers and rules, such as 14 days and two staff members per unit, are typical of technical writing.
- D The passage uses plain, neutral wording; emotional language aimed at changing opinions is a feature of persuasive texts.
- E Correct: the bold labels (My Schedule, Request Time Off, Submit) match what the reader sees on screen.
Learn this topic: How to identify the author's purpose 5-minute lesson

Source: LibreTexts, Online Technical Writing (McMurrey), 2.6 Instructions · Purdue OWL, Engineering Project Documentation: Stage Four, Manufacturing and Next Steps · Purdue OWL, Purposes (Rhetorical Situation) · Purdue OWL, Memos: Audience and Purpose ·
Small Moves in the Staff Cafeteria
Last fall, the wellness committee at Riverside Medical Center tried an experiment in the staff cafeteria. The committee did not change any prices or remove any foods. Instead, it moved bottled water into the cooler beside the cash registers, where sugary sodas had always been, and moved the sodas to a cooler at the back of the room. It also placed a basket of whole fruit at each register.
The cafeteria's sales records tell the story. In the three months before the change, water made up about 30 percent of bottled drinks sold; in the three months after, about 45 percent. Fruit sales nearly doubled, while sales of chips, which stayed on their usual rack, did not change.
Not everyone noticed the experiment. In a short survey, most staff members said they had not realized that anything had been moved. Several night-shift workers, however, complained that the back cooler is locked after 10 p.m., so they cannot buy soda at all during their breaks.
The committee plans to present the results to hospital leaders next month. Its members believe that where food is placed may influence choices as much as what it costs. They caution, however, that three months is a short time and that some of the change might fade once the new setup becomes familiar.
Which sentence from the passage best supports the claim that the new layout changed what staff members bought?
Correct answer: C
The best supporting evidence for a claim about buying is a measurement of buying. The sales figures compare water's share of drink sales before and after the change, which is direct proof that purchases shifted. Background details, survey answers about awareness, and the committee's own beliefs do not show what people bought.
- A This describes how the experiment was set up; it says nothing about whether purchases changed.
- B This is evidence about whether staff noticed the change, not about what they bought.
- C Correct: before-and-after sales numbers directly show that drink purchases shifted toward water.
- D This restates the committee's opinion, which is a claim, not evidence that proves it.
Learn this topic: How to use evidence from a passage to support, predict and conclude 5-minute lesson

Source: OpenStax Writing Guide with Handbook, 10.3 Glance at Genre: Thesis, Reasoning, and Evidence · Purdue OWL, Toulmin Argument ·
Small Moves in the Staff Cafeteria
Last fall, the wellness committee at Riverside Medical Center tried an experiment in the staff cafeteria. The committee did not change any prices or remove any foods. Instead, it moved bottled water into the cooler beside the cash registers, where sugary sodas had always been, and moved the sodas to a cooler at the back of the room. It also placed a basket of whole fruit at each register.
The cafeteria's sales records tell the story. In the three months before the change, water made up about 30 percent of bottled drinks sold; in the three months after, about 45 percent. Fruit sales nearly doubled, while sales of chips, which stayed on their usual rack, did not change.
Not everyone noticed the experiment. In a short survey, most staff members said they had not realized that anything had been moved. Several night-shift workers, however, complained that the back cooler is locked after 10 p.m., so they cannot buy soda at all during their breaks.
The committee plans to present the results to hospital leaders next month. Its members believe that where food is placed may influence choices as much as what it costs. They caution, however, that three months is a short time and that some of the change might fade once the new setup becomes familiar.
Which conclusions are supported by evidence in the passage? Select all that apply.
Select all that apply.
Correct answer: A, C, E
A supported conclusion must be backed by details actually in the passage. Fruit sales nearly doubled after the fruit baskets appeared, prices never changed while water and fruit sales shifted, and night-shift workers said the soda cooler is locked after 10 p.m. Conclusions that contradict a stated detail, such as the survey results or the unchanged chip sales, are not supported.
- A Correct: the passage says fruit was placed at each register and fruit sales nearly doubled.
- B The survey says most staff did not notice anything had moved, so this contradicts the passage.
- C Correct: the committee changed no prices, yet water's share of drink sales and fruit sales both rose.
- D The passage states that chip sales did not change, so this conclusion contradicts the evidence.
- E Correct: night-shift workers complained that the back cooler, where soda now sits, is locked after 10 p.m.
Learn this topic: How to use evidence from a passage to support, predict and conclude 5-minute lesson

Source: Kashyap and Dyquisto (City College of San Francisco), Reading and Composition, 4.5 Inferences · OpenStax Writing Guide with Handbook, 10.3 Glance at Genre: Thesis, Reasoning, and Evidence ·
Small Moves in the Staff Cafeteria
Last fall, the wellness committee at Riverside Medical Center tried an experiment in the staff cafeteria. The committee did not change any prices or remove any foods. Instead, it moved bottled water into the cooler beside the cash registers, where sugary sodas had always been, and moved the sodas to a cooler at the back of the room. It also placed a basket of whole fruit at each register.
The cafeteria's sales records tell the story. In the three months before the change, water made up about 30 percent of bottled drinks sold; in the three months after, about 45 percent. Fruit sales nearly doubled, while sales of chips, which stayed on their usual rack, did not change.
Not everyone noticed the experiment. In a short survey, most staff members said they had not realized that anything had been moved. Several night-shift workers, however, complained that the back cooler is locked after 10 p.m., so they cannot buy soda at all during their breaks.
The committee plans to present the results to hospital leaders next month. Its members believe that where food is placed may influence choices as much as what it costs. They caution, however, that three months is a short time and that some of the change might fade once the new setup becomes familiar.
Based on the passage, which outcome would the committee most likely expect if the cafeteria kept the new layout for another year?
Correct answer: B
A prediction should continue the pattern in the passage and keep the author's own limits. The committee believes placement influences choices, but it cautions that some of the change might fade once the setup becomes familiar. The answer that keeps both ideas, gains that last but may shrink, is the best-supported prediction.
- A Too big a leap: water rose from about 30 to 45 percent, and nothing suggests it would replace almost all other drinks.
- B Correct: the committee believes placement matters but warns that some of the change might fade over time.
- C Nothing in the passage links chip sales to the fruit baskets; chip sales did not change at all.
- D This ignores the committee's belief that placement influences choices; it warns only that some of the change might fade.
Learn this topic: How to use evidence from a passage to support, predict and conclude 5-minute lesson

Source: Kashyap and Dyquisto (City College of San Francisco), Reading and Composition, 4.5 Inferences · Purdue OWL, Toulmin Argument · OpenStax Writing Guide with Handbook, 11.3 Glance at Genre: Reasoning Strategies and Signal Words ·
New Refill Process at Harbor View Clinic
Starting June 3, Harbor View Clinic will change the way patients request prescription refills. Until now, most requests came in by phone, and callers often waited on hold during the busy morning hours. The new process is meant to shorten those waits and give the clinic's nurses more time to review each request carefully.
Patients will now have three ways to ask for a refill. The fastest is the online patient portal, which accepts requests at any hour, every day of the week. Patients can also call the refill line, which will be staffed from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m., Monday through Friday. Finally, patients may ask their pharmacy to send a request directly to the clinic. Requests left by voicemail after hours will no longer be accepted, because those messages were sometimes unclear or incomplete.
Most refill requests will be completed within two business days. However, some requests need a closer look. If a patient has not had an appointment at the clinic in the past twelve months, a nurse will contact the patient to schedule one before the refill is approved. Requests for controlled medicines must be made at least five business days before the patient runs out.
The clinic encourages patients to check each bottle's label to see how many refills remain and to ask for a new prescription when only one refill is left. Patients who are unsure how to use the portal can attend a free fifteen-minute training session in the clinic lobby every Tuesday at 10 a.m. Front-desk staff can also print a one-page guide.
Clinic leaders will review the new process in September. They plan to survey patients and measure how long requests take before deciding whether to keep, adjust, or replace it.
According to the passage, when will the clinic's refill line be staffed?
Correct answer: B
This is a detail question, so read the question first, pick the key words ("refill line"), and scan for them; they appear in the second paragraph. The passage lists several times, so match the time to the exact service the question names. The portal's hours and the training session's time are real details from the passage, but they answer different questions.
- A These are the hours of the online patient portal, not the refill line.
- B Correct: the second paragraph says the refill line will be staffed from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m., Monday through Friday.
- C The hours are right, but the passage limits the line to Monday through Friday; this choice blends two details.
- D This is the time of the free portal training session, a detail from the fourth paragraph.
Learn this topic: How to finish the TEAS reading section on time 5-minute lesson

Source: OpenStax College Success, 5.2 Effective Reading Strategies · ATI Help, What are the ATI TEAS sections and can I go back and answer a question? ·
New Refill Process at Harbor View Clinic
Starting June 3, Harbor View Clinic will change the way patients request prescription refills. Until now, most requests came in by phone, and callers often waited on hold during the busy morning hours. The new process is meant to shorten those waits and give the clinic's nurses more time to review each request carefully.
Patients will now have three ways to ask for a refill. The fastest is the online patient portal, which accepts requests at any hour, every day of the week. Patients can also call the refill line, which will be staffed from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m., Monday through Friday. Finally, patients may ask their pharmacy to send a request directly to the clinic. Requests left by voicemail after hours will no longer be accepted, because those messages were sometimes unclear or incomplete.
Most refill requests will be completed within two business days. However, some requests need a closer look. If a patient has not had an appointment at the clinic in the past twelve months, a nurse will contact the patient to schedule one before the refill is approved. Requests for controlled medicines must be made at least five business days before the patient runs out.
The clinic encourages patients to check each bottle's label to see how many refills remain and to ask for a new prescription when only one refill is left. Patients who are unsure how to use the portal can attend a free fifteen-minute training session in the clinic lobby every Tuesday at 10 a.m. Front-desk staff can also print a one-page guide.
Clinic leaders will review the new process in September. They plan to survey patients and measure how long requests take before deciding whether to keep, adjust, or replace it.
Andre last had an appointment at Harbor View Clinic sixteen months ago. He needs a refill of a controlled medicine. According to the passage, which of the following apply to his request? Select all that apply.
Select all that apply.
Correct answer: A, B
The third paragraph holds both rules that fit Andre: more than twelve months since his last appointment means a nurse will call to schedule one, and a controlled medicine must be requested at least five business days ahead. The two-business-day time frame applies to most requests, and the word "however" signals that requests like Andre's are exceptions. When a question describes a person, list each fact about the person and find the rule that matches each one.
- A Correct: Andre's last appointment was more than twelve months ago, which triggers a nurse's call to schedule one before approval.
- B Correct: the passage says requests for controlled medicines must be made at least five business days before the patient runs out.
- C The passage says after-hours voicemail requests will no longer be accepted.
- D Two business days applies to most requests, but the passage says requests like Andre's need a closer look first.
- E The training session is optional for patients unsure about the portal; it is not a requirement for submitting a request.
Learn this topic: How to finish the TEAS reading section on time 5-minute lesson

Source: OpenStax College Success, 5.2 Effective Reading Strategies · OpenStax College Success Concise, 4.4 Test Taking ·
New Refill Process at Harbor View Clinic
Starting June 3, Harbor View Clinic will change the way patients request prescription refills. Until now, most requests came in by phone, and callers often waited on hold during the busy morning hours. The new process is meant to shorten those waits and give the clinic's nurses more time to review each request carefully.
Patients will now have three ways to ask for a refill. The fastest is the online patient portal, which accepts requests at any hour, every day of the week. Patients can also call the refill line, which will be staffed from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m., Monday through Friday. Finally, patients may ask their pharmacy to send a request directly to the clinic. Requests left by voicemail after hours will no longer be accepted, because those messages were sometimes unclear or incomplete.
Most refill requests will be completed within two business days. However, some requests need a closer look. If a patient has not had an appointment at the clinic in the past twelve months, a nurse will contact the patient to schedule one before the refill is approved. Requests for controlled medicines must be made at least five business days before the patient runs out.
The clinic encourages patients to check each bottle's label to see how many refills remain and to ask for a new prescription when only one refill is left. Patients who are unsure how to use the portal can attend a free fifteen-minute training session in the clinic lobby every Tuesday at 10 a.m. Front-desk staff can also print a one-page guide.
Clinic leaders will review the new process in September. They plan to survey patients and measure how long requests take before deciding whether to keep, adjust, or replace it.
On a Saturday night, Mei uses the online portal to request a refill of a medicine that is not a controlled medicine. Her last appointment at the clinic was eight months ago. Based on the passage, what should Mei most likely expect?
Correct answer: C
Check each fact about Mei against the rules in the passage. The portal accepts requests at any hour, her last visit was within twelve months, and her medicine is not controlled, so none of the exceptions apply and the general rule of two business days does. Answering this kind of question quickly depends on knowing where each rule sits, which is why labeling paragraphs as you read saves time.
- A The appointment rule applies only when the last visit was more than twelve months ago; Mei's was eight months ago.
- B Only after-hours voicemail requests are refused; the portal accepts requests at any hour, every day of the week.
- C Correct: no exception applies to Mei, so the general rule that most requests are completed within two business days fits.
- D The passage never says portal requests must be confirmed by phone; this adds a step the text does not state.
Learn this topic: How to finish the TEAS reading section on time 5-minute lesson

Source: OpenStax College Success, 5.2 Effective Reading Strategies · OpenStax College Success Concise, 4.4 Test Taking ·
A cafeteria's serving guideline says soup bowls should be filled more than 2/3 full but no more than 3/4 full. Which fill level follows the guideline?
Correct answer: D
Write the guideline as 2/3 < fill ≤ 3/4, then turn everything into decimals: 2/3 ≈ 0.667 and 3/4 = 0.75. The choices are 0.65, 7/9 ≈ 0.778, 80% = 0.8 and 5/7 ≈ 0.714. Only 0.714 is above 0.667 and not above 0.75, so 5/7 full follows the guideline.
- A 0.65 is just under 2/3 (about 0.667), so the bowl is not filled enough; rounding 2/3 to 0.6 makes this look correct.
- B 7/9 is about 0.778, which is more than 3/4 (0.75).
- C 80% is 0.8, which is more than 3/4 (0.75).
- D Correct: 5/7 ≈ 0.714, which is greater than 2/3 ≈ 0.667 and no more than 0.75.
Learn this topic: How to compare and order fractions, decimals, percents and negatives 6-minute lesson

Source: OpenStax Prealgebra 2e, 5.3 Decimals and Fractions · OpenStax Elementary Algebra 2e, 1.2 Use the Language of Algebra ·
A stethoscope originally costs $120. It is marked 20% off, and a coupon then takes another 15% off the sale price at checkout. Which expressions give the final price before tax? Select all that apply.
Select all that apply.
Correct answer: B, C, E
After 20% off you pay 80% of the price: 0.80 × $120 = $96. The coupon takes 15% off that sale price, so you pay 85% of $96: 0.85 × $96 = $81.60. Back-to-back discounts multiply (0.80 × 0.85 = 0.68), so the total discount is 32%, not 35%.
- A This adds the discounts to 35% off ($78), but the 15% applies to the lower sale price, not the original price.
- B Correct: keep 80%, then keep 85% of that, giving $81.60.
- C Correct: $96 is the sale price after 20% off, and paying 85% of it gives $81.60.
- D This subtracts the percents as if they were dollars ($85); 20% of $120 is $24, not $20.
- E Correct: 0.80 × 0.85 = 0.68, so 0.68 × $120 = $81.60.
Learn this topic: How to solve percent problems 6-minute lesson

Source: OpenStax Prealgebra 2e, 6.3 Solve Sales Tax, Commission, and Discount Applications · OpenStax Elementary Algebra 2e, 3.2 Solve Percent Applications ·
A newborn's weight is recorded as 3.449 kg. Round the weight to the nearest tenth of a kilogram.
Your answer
A sign at a hospital parking garage says that a vehicle's height can be no more than 7 feet. Which inequality shows the allowed heights, h, in feet?
Correct answer: C
"No more than 7" means the height can be 7 feet or anything below it, so the boundary 7 is allowed and the sign is ≤: h ≤ 7. "At most" and "no more than" both mean ≤; "at least" and "no less than" both mean ≥. If the boundary number itself is allowed, the inequality needs the "or equal to" line.
- A This leaves out 7 itself, but a vehicle exactly 7 feet tall is allowed, so the sign needs the "or equal to" part.
- B This reverses the meaning: ≥ is "at least 7," which would allow only vehicles 7 feet or taller.
- C Correct: "no more than 7" means 7 or less, which is h ≤ 7.
- D This both reverses the direction and leaves out 7; it describes vehicles taller than the limit.
Learn this topic: How to turn words into expressions, equations and inequalities 6-minute lesson

Source: OpenStax Elementary Algebra 2e, 2.7 Solve Linear Inequalities ·
Imani, a phlebotomy student, completed 6 less than twice the number of blood draws her classmate Luis completed. Imani completed 34 draws. Which equation can be used to find c, the number of draws Luis completed?
Correct answer: D
"Twice the number Luis completed" is 2c, and "6 less than" that amount means subtract 6 from it: 2c − 6. Imani's total is 34, so 2c − 6 = 34, which gives 2c = 40 and c = 20. "Less than" flips the order, so the 6 is subtracted from 2c, not the other way around.
- A This keeps the words in reading order; "6 less than 2c" means 2c − 6, not 6 − 2c.
- B This subtracts 6 before doubling; the words say to double first and then take away 6, so no parentheses are needed.
- C This adds 6 instead of subtracting it; "less than" means subtraction.
- D Correct: twice Luis's draws is 2c, and 6 less than that is 2c − 6, which equals 34.
Learn this topic: How to turn words into expressions, equations and inequalities 6-minute lesson

Source: OpenStax Prealgebra 2e, 2.2 Evaluate, Simplify, and Translate Expressions · OpenStax Elementary Algebra 2e, 3.1 Use a Problem-Solving Strategy ·
A nurse parks in the corner of a rectangular parking lot that is 60 meters wide and 80 meters long. To reach the clinic door at the opposite corner, she can walk along two sides of the lot or walk straight across it diagonally. How many meters shorter is the diagonal route?
Correct answer: C
The two sides of the lot meet at a right angle, so the diagonal is the hypotenuse of a right triangle with legs 60 m and 80 m. By the Pythagorean theorem, 60² + 80² = 3,600 + 6,400 = 10,000, and the square root of 10,000 is 100 m. Walking along the two sides is 60 + 80 = 140 m, so the diagonal saves 140 − 100 = 40 m.
- A This just subtracts the two sides (80 − 60) instead of comparing the two routes.
- B This is the length of the diagonal itself; the question asks how much shorter it is than the 140 m route.
- C Correct: the diagonal is 100 m (60² + 80² = 100²) and the route along the sides is 140 m, a difference of 40 m.
- D This treats the hypotenuse as a + b (60 + 80 = 140), as if both routes were equal; the legs must be squared before adding, so the diagonal is shorter.
Learn this topic: How to find perimeter, area and volume, even for odd shapes 6-minute lesson

Source: OpenStax Prealgebra 2e, 9.3 Use Properties of Angles, Triangles, and the Pythagorean Theorem ·
A vitamin tablet contains 0.25 g of vitamin C. How many milligrams of vitamin C does the tablet contain?
Correct answer: B
Milli means one-thousandth, so 1 g = 1,000 mg. Converting to a smaller unit makes the number bigger: multiply by 1,000, which moves the decimal point 3 places to the right. 0.25 g × 1,000 = 250 mg.
- A This moves the decimal only 1 place, as if 1 g were 10 mg.
- B Correct: 0.25 × 1,000 = 250 mg, because 1 g = 1,000 mg.
- C This moves the decimal only 2 places, as if 1 g were 100 mg (that would be centigrams).
- D This divides by 1,000 instead of multiplying, moving the decimal the wrong way.
Learn this topic: How to convert units without guessing: metric, US and health-care units 6-minute lesson

Source: NIST, SI Units: Mass · OpenStax Prealgebra 2e, 7.5 Systems of Measurement ·
On an intake record, a patient drank 1 1/2 cups of juice at breakfast and 12 fluid ounces of water later in the morning. What was the patient's total fluid intake for the morning in milliliters? (Use 1 cup = 8 fl oz and 1 fl oz = 30 mL.) Enter a whole number.
Your answer
During a rehabilitation session, a patient walks on a treadmill set to 2.4 miles per hour. What is this speed in meters per minute? (1 mi ≈ 1.61 km)
Correct answer: B
Chain unit fractions so each unwanted unit cancels: 2.4 mi/h × (1.61 km / 1 mi) × (1,000 m / 1 km) × (1 h / 60 min). That is 2.4 × 1.61 = 3.864 km per hour, which is 3,864 m per hour, and 3,864 ÷ 60 = 64.4 m per minute. Converting both the distance unit and the time unit is what makes this a two-part problem.
- A This converts miles to meters but forgets to change hours to minutes; 3,864 is meters per hour.
- B Correct: 2.4 × 1.61 × 1,000 ÷ 60 = 64.4 meters per minute.
- C This divides by 1.61 instead of multiplying (2.4 ÷ 1.61 × 1,000 ÷ 60), so the miles-to-kilometers fraction is upside down.
- D This forgets that 1 km = 1,000 m, leaving the answer in kilometers per minute (3.864 ÷ 60).
Learn this topic: How to convert units without guessing: metric, US and health-care units 6-minute lesson

Source: NIST, Approximate Conversions from U.S. Customary Measures to Metric · OpenStax Prealgebra 2e, 7.5 Systems of Measurement ·
Which vessels carry oxygen-poor blood away from the heart?
Correct answer: C
Arteries are named by direction: they carry blood away from the heart, and veins carry it toward the heart. The pulmonary arteries leave the right ventricle (by way of the pulmonary trunk) and carry oxygen-poor blood to the lungs, making them the exception to the idea that arteries carry oxygen-rich blood. The pulmonary veins are the matching exception: they carry oxygen-rich blood back to the left atrium.
- A The pulmonary veins carry oxygen-rich blood toward the heart, so this reverses both the direction and the oxygen level.
- B The venae cavae do carry oxygen-poor blood, but they bring it toward the heart (into the right atrium), not away from it.
- C Correct: the pulmonary arteries carry oxygen-poor blood from the right ventricle away from the heart to the lungs.
- D The coronary arteries do carry blood away from the heart (they branch off the aorta), but that blood is oxygen-rich and supplies the heart muscle.
Learn this topic: How blood flows through the heart 5-minute lesson

Source: OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology 2e, 20.1 Structure and Function of Blood Vessels · OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology 2e, 19.1 Heart Anatomy ·
Place these parts of the heart's conduction system in the order the electrical signal travels through them during a normal heartbeat.
1. Bundle branches
2. Atrioventricular (AV) node
3. Purkinje fibers
4. Sinoatrial (SA) node
5. Atrioventricular bundle (bundle of His)
Use the arrows to put the items in the correct order.
Correct answer: Sinoatrial (SA) node → Atrioventricular (AV) node → Atrioventricular bundle (bundle of His) → Bundle branches → Purkinje fibers
The SA node in the right atrial wall is the pacemaker and starts each beat. The signal reaches the AV node, which delays it so the atria can finish emptying into the ventricles, then travels down the AV bundle (bundle of His) in the interventricular septum, splits into the right and left bundle branches, and finally spreads through the ventricles by way of the Purkinje fibers. Think of it as top to bottom: atria first, then down the septum, then out into the ventricle walls.
- Bundle branches Fourth: the bundle branches split off the bundle of His and carry the signal toward each ventricle; students who put them before the bundle of His reverse the trunk and its branches.
- Atrioventricular (AV) node Second: the AV node receives the signal from the atria and delays it; placing it first confuses it with the SA node pacemaker.
- Purkinje fibers Fifth: the Purkinje fibers are the last link, spreading the signal through the ventricle muscle so the ventricles contract.
- Sinoatrial (SA) node First: the SA node has the fastest built-in firing rate and acts as the heart's pacemaker, so every normal beat starts here.
- Atrioventricular bundle (bundle of His) Third: the bundle of His carries the signal from the AV node down the interventricular septum before it divides into the bundle branches.
Learn this topic: How blood flows through the heart 5-minute lesson

Source: OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology 2e, 19.2 Cardiac Muscle and Electrical Activity ·
Suppose the mitral (bicuspid) valve does not close completely when the ventricles contract. Which abnormal blood flow would most likely occur during each contraction?
Correct answer: B
The mitral (bicuspid) valve is the atrioventricular valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle. When the left ventricle contracts, its pressure rises above the atrial pressure, and this valve normally snaps shut (helped by the chordae tendineae and papillary muscles) so blood can leave only through the aortic valve. If it does not seal, some blood is pushed backward into the left atrium. To solve any "which valve failed" question, locate the valve first, then ask which chamber is squeezing when it should be closed.
- A Backflow from the aorta into the left ventricle happens when the aortic semilunar valve fails, and it occurs while the ventricle is relaxing, not contracting.
- B Correct: the mitral valve separates the left atrium from the left ventricle, so a leak during ventricular contraction sends blood back into the left atrium.
- C Backflow from the right ventricle into the right atrium describes a leaking tricuspid valve, which mixes up the right and left atrioventricular valves.
- D The two ventricles are separated by the interventricular septum, not by a valve, so a mitral valve that fails to close does not open a path between them.
Learn this topic: How blood flows through the heart 5-minute lesson

Source: OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology 2e, 19.1 Heart Anatomy · OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology 2e, 19.3 Cardiac Cycle ·
Which of the following events occur during a normal, quiet inhalation? Select all that apply.
Select all that apply.
Correct answer: B, D, E
Inhalation follows Boyle's law: when the volume of a container increases, the pressure of the gas inside it decreases. The diaphragm contracts and moves down while the external intercostals lift the ribs, so the thoracic cavity gets larger and pressure in the alveoli drops below atmospheric pressure, and air flows in. Quiet exhalation is the passive opposite: the muscles relax and the lungs' elastic recoil pushes air out.
- A Incorrect: the internal intercostals compress the rib cage during forced exhalation; during inhalation it is the external intercostals that lift the ribs up and out.
- B Correct: contraction of the diaphragm and external intercostals enlarges the thoracic cavity, which is what lowers the pressure inside the lungs.
- C Incorrect: elastic recoil of the lungs is what pushes air out during quiet exhalation; it does not pull air in.
- D Correct: the dome-shaped diaphragm contracts and moves inferiorly toward the abdominal cavity, the main way the chest cavity enlarges.
- E Correct: the larger volume lowers intra-alveolar pressure below atmospheric pressure, creating the gradient that drives air into the lungs.
Learn this topic: How air reaches the alveoli and how oxygen and CO2 trade places 5-minute lesson

Source: OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology 2e, 22.3 The Process of Breathing · OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology 2e, 11.4 Axial Muscles of the Abdominal Wall and Thorax ·
During a long breath-hold, carbon dioxide builds up in a person's blood. How do the respiratory centers in the brainstem respond, and why?
Correct answer: B
The main stimulus that drives breathing is the level of carbon dioxide in the blood, not oxygen. Extra carbon dioxide produces more hydrogen ions, which lowers pH; chemoreceptors detect this and signal the respiratory centers in the medulla oblongata and pons. Breathing becomes faster and deeper so more carbon dioxide is exhaled. Low oxygen becomes a strong stimulus only when it drops very low.
- A Incorrect on both points: added carbon dioxide lowers pH (more hydrogen ions), and the response is faster, deeper breathing, not slower breathing.
- B Correct: more carbon dioxide means more hydrogen ions and a lower pH, which chemoreceptors detect, so the brainstem increases the rate and depth of breathing.
- C Incorrect: carbon dioxide, not oxygen, is the main everyday driver of breathing; oxygen becomes a strong stimulus only when it falls very low.
- D Incorrect: the breathing response is right, but the reason is reversed; carbon dioxide forms carbonic acid and hydrogen ions, which lower pH rather than raise it.
Learn this topic: How air reaches the alveoli and how oxygen and CO2 trade places 5-minute lesson

Source: OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology 2e, 22.3 The Process of Breathing ·
A woman with type AB blood and a man with type O blood have children together. Which statements about their children are correct? Select all that apply.
Select all that apply.
Correct answer: A, D, E
In the ABO system, the Iᴬ and Iᴮ alleles are codominant and i is recessive. The type AB mother is IᴬIᴮ and passes either Iᴬ or Iᴮ; the type O father is ii and can only pass i. So each child is either Iᴬi (type A) or Iᴮi (type B). No child can be type AB (that needs both Iᴬ and Iᴮ) or type O (that needs i from both parents).
- A Correct: a child who gets Iᴬ from the mother and i from the father is Iᴬi, which is type A.
- B Type AB needs both Iᴬ and Iᴮ, but the father can pass only i, so a child cannot be type AB.
- C Type O needs two i alleles, but the mother has no i allele to pass on.
- D Correct: a child who gets Iᴮ from the mother and i from the father is Iᴮi, which is type B.
- E Correct: the type O father is ii, so every child receives an i allele from him.
Learn this topic: How traits pass from parents to children 6-minute lesson

Source: OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology 2e, 28.7 Patterns of Inheritance · OpenStax Biology 2e, 12.2 Characteristics and Traits · OpenStax Concepts of Biology, 8.3 Extensions of the Laws of Inheritance ·
An influenza virus spreads from one person to another. Place the links in the chain of infection in order, starting with where the virus lives and multiplies.
1. Portal of entry
2. Mode of transmission
3. Reservoir
4. Susceptible host
5. Portal of exit
Use the arrows to put the items in the correct order.
Correct answer: Reservoir → Portal of exit → Mode of transmission → Portal of entry → Susceptible host
An infectious agent lives and multiplies in a reservoir (here, an infected person), leaves through a portal of exit (the respiratory tract), travels by a mode of transmission (such as droplets), enters through a portal of entry (the new person's respiratory tract) and causes infection in a susceptible host. The two portals bracket the mode of transmission: the agent must get out before it can travel, and travel before it can get in.
- Portal of entry Fourth: the portal of entry is where the agent gets into the new host, which can happen only after it has traveled.
- Mode of transmission Third: the mode of transmission (direct contact, droplets, airborne particles, vehicles or vectors) carries the agent between the exit and the entry.
- Reservoir First: the reservoir is the habitat where the agent normally lives, grows and multiplies, so the chain starts here.
- Susceptible host Fifth: the susceptible host is the final link, the person whose defenses do not stop the agent.
- Portal of exit Second: the portal of exit is how the agent leaves the reservoir, such as the respiratory tract for influenza.
Learn this topic: How microorganisms cause disease and how infections spread 5-minute lesson

Source: CDC, Principles of Epidemiology, Lesson 1 Section 10: Chain of Infection ·
A person takes an antibacterial drug that kills many kinds of bacteria, including much of the normal microbiota. A few days later, the yeast Candida begins to overgrow. Which explanation best accounts for this?
Correct answer: C
Candida is a fungus (a yeast), so antibacterial drugs do not affect it. Normally, neighboring bacteria of the normal microbiota hold its population down. When a drug kills those bacteria, Candida can overgrow and act as an opportunistic pathogen, which is why yeast infections are a known side effect of antibiotics.
- A Antibacterial drugs target bacteria; they do not act on fungal cells to speed up their division.
- B Candida is a fungus (yeast), not a bacterium, so this confuses the two groups; resistance is not the reason it grows.
- C Correct: removing the bacteria that normally inhibit Candida lets the unaffected yeast overgrow.
- D Bacteria are prokaryotes and yeasts are eukaryotes; one cannot turn into the other.
Learn this topic: How microorganisms cause disease and how infections spread 5-minute lesson

Source: OpenStax Microbiology, 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease · OpenStax Microbiology, 1.3 Types of Microorganisms · MedlinePlus: Antibiotics ·
Place these substances in order from most acidic to most basic.
1. Pure water
2. Household ammonia
3. Gastric juice
4. Blood
5. Black coffee
Use the arrows to put the items in the correct order.
Correct answer: Gastric juice → Black coffee → Pure water → Blood → Household ammonia
Most acidic means the lowest pH. Gastric juice is about pH 1.5, black coffee about 5, pure water is neutral at 7, blood is slightly basic at about 7.4, and household ammonia is about 12. Remember that blood sits just above 7, so it is slightly basic, not neutral or acidic.
- Pure water Third: pure water is neutral, pH 7 at 25 °C.
- Household ammonia Fifth: household ammonia is a base at about pH 12, the highest pH in this list, so it is the most basic.
- Gastric juice First: gastric juice is the most acidic, about pH 1.5.
- Blood Fourth: blood is slightly basic at about pH 7.4, so it comes just after pure water, not before it.
- Black coffee Second: black coffee is mildly acidic, about pH 5.
Learn this topic: How acids, bases, pH and buffers work 5-minute lesson

Source: OpenStax Chemistry 2e, 14.2 pH and pOH · OpenStax Biology 2e, 2.2 Water ·
In the blood, carbon dioxide and water form carbonic acid, which releases hydrogen ions. If a person breathes faster and deeper for a short time, exhaling more carbon dioxide than usual, what will most likely happen?
Correct answer: B
Carbon dioxide in blood is tied to carbonic acid, which releases hydrogen ions. Exhaling more CO2 shifts the balance away from carbonic acid, so fewer hydrogen ions remain and pH rises; the lungs can adjust blood pH upward this way within minutes. Breathing out less CO2 does the opposite and lowers pH.
- A This reverses the effect: exhaling CO2 removes the source of carbonic acid, so less carbonic acid forms, not more.
- B Correct: removing CO2 lowers carbonic acid and hydrogen ion levels, so blood pH rises.
- C The direction is right but the reason is backward; a higher pH means fewer hydrogen ions, not more.
- D Buffers limit pH changes but have limited capacity, and changing CO2 changes the buffer system itself, so pH does shift.
Learn this topic: How acids, bases, pH and buffers work 5-minute lesson

Source: OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology 2e, 26.4 Acid-Base Balance · OpenStax Chemistry 2e, 14.6 Buffers ·
Carmen wants to know whether a sports drink improves reaction time. She gives a sports drink to 3 friends from her track team and plain water to 3 classmates from the chess club. She tests the sports drink group at 9 a.m. and the water group at 4 p.m. Each person does one ruler-drop test, in which they catch a falling ruler and she records how far it fell.
Which changes would make this a fairer test of whether the sports drink affects reaction time? Select all that apply.
Select all that apply.
Correct answer: A, C, E
In a fair test, the groups should differ only in the independent variable (the drink), and there should be enough subjects that a few unusual people cannot decide the result. Carmen's groups differ in activity background and testing time as well as drink, and each group has only 3 people. Using larger samples, random assignment from one pool, and the same testing time fixes these problems, while giving everyone the sports drink would remove the comparison group.
- A Correct: very small samples can be unreliable, so more people per group makes the averages more trustworthy.
- B Letting people choose their own group can make the groups differ in other ways (self-selection), which is the kind of problem random assignment prevents.
- C Correct: random assignment from one pool spreads out hidden differences, such as athletic training, so the groups start out alike.
- D If everyone gets the sports drink, there is no water (control) group left to compare with, so the effect of the drink cannot be measured.
- E Correct: time of day is a second difference between the groups; keeping it the same makes it a controlled variable.
Learn this topic: How to read an experiment: variables, controls and valid conclusions 6-minute lesson

Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e, 2.3 Analyzing Findings · OpenStax Introductory Statistics 2e, 1.2 Data, Sampling, and Variation in Data and Sampling · OpenStax Introductory Statistics 2e, 1.4 Experimental Design and Ethics · OpenStax Biology 2e, 1.1 The Science of Biology · NASA GeneLab, Bioinformatics Bite #4: Intro to Experimental Design (worksheet) ·
A student tested whether the concentration of a plant extract affects bacterial growth. She soaked paper disks in extract at 0%, 1%, 2%, and 4% concentration and placed each disk on an agar plate spread with the same type of bacteria. All plates were kept at 30 °C for 24 hours. She then measured the width of the clear ring around each disk, where no bacteria grew. She tested three plates at each concentration and recorded the mean.
Extract concentration (%) Mean width of clear ring (mm)
0 0
1 5
2 9
4 15
Afterward, she discovered that the 4% disks had soaked for 30 minutes, while all the other disks had soaked for 10 minutes.
How does this discovery affect what the student can conclude?
Correct answer: B
A fair test changes only the independent variable. For the 4% disks, two things changed at once, concentration and soaking time, so the larger clear ring could come from either one (soaking time acted as a confounding variable). The 0%, 1%, and 2% disks were all soaked for 10 minutes, so comparisons among them are still valid. Repeating a flawed setup three times makes the flaw consistent, not corrected; the fix is to redo the 4% disks with a 10-minute soak.
- A Repeated trials reduce random variation, but they cannot fix a variable that differed in every 4% trial.
- B Correct: with two variables changed for the 4% disks, the result cannot be pinned on concentration.
- C The 0%, 1%, and 2% disks were treated identically except for concentration, so their comparison is still a fair test; only the 4% result is in doubt.
- D The dependent variable is what was measured, the width of the clear ring; soaking time was an uncontrolled variable, not the outcome.
Learn this topic: How to read an experiment: variables, controls and valid conclusions 6-minute lesson

Source: OpenStax Biology 2e, 1.1 The Science of Biology · OpenStax Concepts of Biology, 1.2 The Process of Science · OpenStax Introductory Statistics 2e, 1.4 Experimental Design and Ethics · NASA GeneLab, Bioinformatics Bite #4: Intro to Experimental Design (worksheet) ·
Which type of sentence is the following? "The pharmacist counted the tablets, and the technician printed the label."
Correct answer: C
Count the clauses. "The pharmacist counted the tablets" and "the technician printed the label" each have their own subject and verb and can stand alone, and there is no dependent clause. Two independent clauses joined by a comma and and make a compound sentence.
- A A simple sentence has only one independent clause; this one has two, each with its own subject.
- B A complex sentence needs a dependent clause, but neither clause starts with a dependent marker such as because or when.
- C Correct: two independent clauses are joined by a comma and the conjunction and, with no dependent clause.
- D A compound-complex sentence also needs at least one dependent clause, and this sentence has none.
Learn this topic: How to build and fix a complete sentence 6-minute lesson

Source: OpenStax Writing Guide with Handbook, Handbook (Clear and Effective Sentences; Sentence Errors) · Purdue OWL, Punctuation in Types of Sentences ·
Which revision corrects the error in the following sentence? "The flu clinic opened at 8 a.m., more than fifty people were already waiting outside."
Correct answer: D
The original is a comma splice: two independent clauses joined by only a comma. One correct fix is to make one clause dependent by adding a marker word such as when, which leaves a single independent clause after the comma. Other correct fixes are a period, a semicolon, or a comma plus a conjunction such as and or so.
- A However is not a coordinating conjunction, so joining the clauses with commas around it is still a comma splice; it needs a semicolon before it.
- B The period fixes the splice but leaves 'Because more than fifty people were already waiting outside' as a fragment.
- C Removing the comma leaves two independent clauses with nothing between them, which is a run-on (fused sentence).
- D Correct: when turns the first clause into a dependent clause, so the sentence has one independent clause and the comma after the introductory clause is correct.
Learn this topic: How to build and fix a complete sentence 6-minute lesson

Source: Purdue OWL, Run-ons, Comma Splices, Fused Sentences · Purdue OWL, Sentence Fragments · Purdue OWL, Identifying Independent and Dependent Clauses ·
Arrange the following sentences in this order: simple, compound, complex, compound-complex.
1. Although the storm knocked out power, the backup lights came on, and the staff kept working.
2. The respiratory therapist and the student checked every oxygen tank and logged the results before the end of the shift.
3. The inspector arrived early, so the manager moved the meeting to the morning.
4. The volunteers stayed in the lobby until the last family had left.
Use the arrows to put the items in the correct order.
Correct answer: The respiratory therapist and the student checked every oxygen tank and logged the results before the end of the shift. → The inspector arrived early, so the manager moved the meeting to the morning. → The volunteers stayed in the lobby until the last family had left. → Although the storm knocked out power, the backup lights came on, and the staff kept working.
Classify each sentence by counting clauses, not by its length. Choice b is long but has one subject-verb core (therapist and student / checked and logged), so it is simple. Choice c joins two independent clauses with so (compound), choice d adds the dependent clause 'until the last family had left' to one independent clause (complex), and choice a has one dependent clause plus two independent clauses (compound-complex).
- Although the storm knocked out power, the backup lights came on, and the staff kept working. Compound-complex: 'Although the storm knocked out power' is dependent, and 'the backup lights came on' and 'the staff kept working' are two independent clauses.
- The respiratory therapist and the student checked every oxygen tank and logged the results before the end of the shift. Simple: a compound subject and a compound verb still form only one independent clause, despite the sentence's length.
- The inspector arrived early, so the manager moved the meeting to the morning. Compound: two independent clauses joined by a comma and the conjunction so, with no dependent clause.
- The volunteers stayed in the lobby until the last family had left. Complex: one independent clause plus the dependent clause 'until the last family had left,' which begins with the marker until.
Learn this topic: How to build and fix a complete sentence 6-minute lesson

Source: OpenStax Writing Guide with Handbook, Handbook (Clear and Effective Sentences; Sentence Errors) · Purdue OWL, Punctuation in Types of Sentences · Purdue OWL, Identifying Independent and Dependent Clauses · UNC Writing Center, Sentence Patterns ·
A hospital newsletter contains this sentence: "Due to the fact that the main elevator is currently out of order at this point in time, all visitors are asked to make use of the stairs or the elevator located in the east wing." Which revision is most concise while keeping all of the original information?
Correct answer: D
Concise writing removes wasted words but keeps every idea the reader needs. Due to the fact that can become because, currently and at this point in time repeat the present tense of is, and make use of can become use. The best revision still includes the reason, both options, and the request.
- A It is short, but it drops the east wing elevator, which visitors need to know about.
- B It keeps the information but still uses the wordy phrase due to the fact that, so it is not the most concise.
- C It drops the reason that the main elevator is out of order, so information is lost.
- D Correct: it replaces the wordy phrases and keeps the reason, the request and both options.
Learn this topic: How to choose words that fit the reader and the purpose 6-minute lesson

Source: UNC Writing Center, Conciseness · Purdue OWL, Eliminating Words ·
Dana is writing a short notice for a hospital newsletter that patients and visitors read. The notice explains a new parking payment system. Which of the following sentences are appropriate for this audience and purpose? Select all that apply.
Select all that apply.
Correct answer: A, D, E
Writing for the general public should be clear, polite and plain. Slang and hype sound unprofessional in a hospital newsletter, and technical abbreviations that readers do not know should be replaced or explained. Sentences that give useful facts in everyday words fit both the audience and the informative purpose.
- A Appropriate: it gives the date and payment options in plain, polite language.
- B Not appropriate: total game changer and the exclamation are slang and hype, too casual for an informative hospital notice.
- C Not appropriate: LPR, ingress and PAS are unexplained jargon that most patients and visitors would not understand.
- D Appropriate: it tells readers where to get help in clear, friendly wording.
- E Appropriate: it states a useful fact plainly and briefly.
Learn this topic: How to choose words that fit the reader and the purpose 6-minute lesson

Source: Purdue OWL, Levels of Formality · Purdue OWL, Group Jargon · OpenStax Writing Guide with Handbook, Handbook (Words and Language: Slang, Technical Expressions) ·
Greenfield Medical Center started a free lunchtime walking group for employees last year. The group meets three days a week and follows a marked route around the campus. Because the time is already set aside, staff members find it easier to stay active on busy workdays. Many walkers also say that the short break helps them return to their units feeling more focused. __
Which of the following would be the most effective concluding sentence for the paragraph?
Correct answer: A
A concluding sentence wraps up the paragraph's main idea, often by summing up its key points in new words, without starting a new topic. This paragraph makes two points about the walking group: it helps busy staff stay active, and it helps them feel more focused. The best conclusion ties both points back to the walking group.
- A Correct: it restates the main idea in fresh words and sums up both benefits the paragraph describes.
- B This opens a new topic, the cafeteria menu, that the paragraph never discusses.
- C The phrase In conclusion is tempting, but the claim is far too broad and extreme for a paragraph about one walking group.
- D This is a supporting detail about the route, not a sentence that sums up the paragraph.
Learn this topic: How to build and fix a well-organized paragraph 6-minute lesson

Source: Rochester Institute of Technology, NTID Science and Engineering Writing, Paragraph Structure · OpenStax Writing Guide with Handbook, Handbook (Paragraphs and Transitions) ·
A student reads the term pericarditis in an anatomy textbook. Based on its word parts, which is the best meaning of pericarditis?
Correct answer: C
Pericarditis has three parts: the prefix peri- (around), the root card (heart) and the suffix -itis (inflammation). Put together, it means inflammation of the covering around the heart, the pericardium. When a word has a prefix, root and suffix, define each part before combining, and watch for look-alike prefixes such as peri- (around) and endo- (within).
- A The inner lining would use endo- (within); peri- means around.
- B Surgical removal is the suffix -ectomy; -itis means inflammation.
- C Correct: peri- (around) + card (heart) + -itis (inflammation).
- D Enlargement is -megaly and the muscle root is my- or myo-; neither appears in pericarditis.
Learn this topic: How to decode a word from its roots, prefixes and suffixes 5-minute lesson

Source: NCI SEER Training, Formation of Medical Terms · MedlinePlus, Appendix A: Word Parts and What They Mean · MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia, Pericarditis ·
Which of the following sentences uses the correct word?
Correct answer: C
Precede means to come before, so a briefing that comes before a session correctly precedes it. Proceed means to go forward or continue, averse means opposed to, and proscribe means to forbid. With look-alike words, decide by meaning, not by sound: say the plain meaning in the sentence and see if it fits.
- A Staff move forward to the exit, so the word should be proceed, not precede.
- B A person who dislikes or opposes something is averse to it; adverse means harmful, as in adverse effects.
- C Correct: precede means to come before, which is what the briefing does.
- D The rule forbids smoking, so the word should be proscribes; prescribes means to set a rule or recommend.
Learn this topic: How to work out a word's meaning and avoid look-alike word mix-ups 6-minute lesson

Source: St. Louis Community College Writing Center, Commonly Confused Words · Towson University Online Writing Support, Commonly Confused Words: prescribe / proscribe · American Heritage Dictionary, precede · American Heritage Dictionary, proceed · American Heritage Dictionary, adverse · American Heritage Dictionary, averse ·

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Extract concentration (%)	Mean width of clear ring (mm)
0	0
1	5
2	9
4	15